Hrm Current Practices Essays

Hrm Current Practices Essays Hrm Current Practices Essay Hrm Current Practices Essay Introducing Author: Prof. Bhavesh B. Pandya. Establishment of Business Management and Research (IBMR), Near Asia School, Drive-in Road, Ahmedabad. Email: prof. [emailprotected] co. in, [emailprotected] com. Topic: The prime goal of HRM is to have profoundly dedicated, skilled, and glad laborers in association. There is moving change in the significance of essential info that requires in business action. Four fundamental sources of info are as under. a)Man, b)Machine, c)Material, d)Money, e)Land. On the off chance that we experience the post mechanical upheaval time, at that point it’s unmistakably observed that right off the bat extraordinary significance was given to cash, at that point hardware, material. Be that as it may, in today’s timeframe in the event that we experience the current situation, at that point ‘Man’ is considered as most significant info and assuming imperative job in accomplishment of generally speaking business undertakings. The distinction between wining organization and losing organization is contrast among their workers. The defense of this announcement lies in the Mahabharata war. Kaurava were a lot of ground-breaking in examination with the Pandava, however the Pandavas were victor. Why Pandavas won that war? The appropriate response is individuals that they were having. Individuals with devotion, fortitude, duties, morals and strategies as well. What's more, another solid purpose for it was individuals with vision. All the organization can go for a similar hardware, most recent apparatus, instruments, types of gear, materials, plan, association, whatever the opponent firms have yet they can't go for a similar sort of individuals. I immovably put stock in one thing that Human asset is the one of the most significant capacity of the executives as it is hard to oversee and that’s why it is significant now daily. Also, this is the main live asset that we can find in the business firm. What's more, as it is live asset it has some novel perspective in examination with other physical assets. The significant one is that human have feelings, they sense the things, look at the things, and expects for what they contribute. Not long before couple of days back it was there in ‘The Times of India’ that what required now a days in business. 85% social/human aptitude is required and just 15 % specialized ability is required to be compelling grinding away spot. This specific article uncovers that today’s workers are increasingly delicate and enthusiastic one. In this way, they should maneuver carefully. I read in one book I. e. The Honey Bee, it was written along these lines, ‘Workers resemble blossoms. They must be tenderly and carefully took care of. A bloom won't achieve it its full loftiness except if it is permitted to bloom completely. Laborers also would not have the option to arrive at their full statures of effectiveness except if they are likewise permitted to bloom completely. On the off chance that representatives are generally fulfilled, at that point they can place their heart in accomplishing work and can take the firm at the peak as well. Furthermore, here worker fulfillment is increasingly significant in getting wanted authoritative viability. Along these lines, the fact is that capable, submitted, and talented representatives must be saved for durable benefit association. Furthermore, for this administration must fulfill their representatives, work more on giving input on their exhibition, continue inspiring them a nd consistently lead them at whatever point they required, permit them to put advances their thoughts and recommendations and give chance to take a shot at the equivalent. Thus, here administration individuals ought to experience that what their workers really anticipate from them and not what they think about their desire (Chart no: 1). Furthermore, this sort of procedure will result into the furthest extent of fulfillment among them as the executives is going about according to their place of desire. Furthermore, this fulfillment will help in energizing them forever in all unique work at whatever point alloted to them. Indeed, even cheerful worker can invest more amounts of energy then a disappointed one. Here underneath is the table that gives away from into the image of what workers need and what directors think representatives need. Diagram 1. What representatives need what directors think workers need.

Building a Bridge to the 18th C Free Essays

Part one and two of the book â€Å"Building a scaffold to the eighteenth Century† by Postman Neil is discussing the advancement of man through the time he has occupied the earth and what has been the catapulting power to extraordinary statures that has seen him accomplish much in brief period. Progress is depicted as a brainchild of enlightment which at that point discharges imperativeness and rousing certainty like the one that is found in the eighteenth century. Quite a bit of what is viewed as incredible accomplishment of twentieth century is because of extraordinary work and considering individuals in the medieval times. We will compose a custom paper test on Building a Bridge to the eighteenth C or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now This at that point moves colossal credit to the rationalists and researchers in medieval times for beginning the advancement in those days. The eighteenth century has been portrayed as a time of extraordinary masterminds who created things essentially in all circles of life and for humanity to advance; the appropriate response doesn't lie later on or the present occasions yet returning to that incredible century. The advancement being supported for is logical or innovative headway which requires no ethical authority instead of good advancement that can be credited to enlightment combined with lovely creative mind. The two types of progress happen simultaneously and it is difficult to isolate them all through the ages that man has tried to step in strides of enlightment. The possibility of sanity, realism and deconstruction have been talked about finally yet not surely knew attributable to the reality they are chiefly enunciated from a Christian point of view of rationalists who were primarily Christians. Subsequently their essential comprehension of sanity is through optimism progressed in those seasons of insurrection and rebel against the universal running of the Christian confidence. It follows that objectivity has radical articulation through advancement. Reference Mailman, N. (1999). Building a Bridge to the Eighteenth Century: Ideas from the Past That Can Improve Our Future. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Incorporated Step by step instructions to refer to Building a Bridge to the eighteenth C, Papers

William James Psychologist Biography

William James Psychologist Biography History and Biographies Print William James Psychologist Biography The Father of American Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on October 07, 2019 Margaret Mary James / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain More in Psychology History and Biographies Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming In This Article Table of Contents Expand Early Life Timeline of Events Career Theories Influence on Psychology Selected Works Biographies View All Back To Top William James was a psychologist and philosopher who had a major influence on the development of psychology in the United States. Among his many accomplishments, he was the first to teach a psychology course in the U.S. and is often referred to as the father of American psychology. James was also known for contributing to functionalism, one of the earliest schools of thought in psychology. His book The Principles of Psychology is considered one of the most classic and influential texts in psychologys history. He was also the brother of the noted writer Henry James and diarist Alice James. The art of being wise is the art of knowing what to overlook, William James once wrote. Learn more about his life, career, ideas, and contributions to psychology in this brief biography. He was best known for: PragmatismFunctionalismJames Lange Theory of EmotionOften called the father of American psychology William James Early Life William James was born into an affluent family. His father was deeply interested in philosophy and theology and strove to provide his children with an enriched education. The James children traveled to Europe frequently, attended the best possible schools, and were immersed in culture and art, which apparently paid off - William James went on to become one of the most important figures in psychology while brother Henry James became one of the most acclaimed American novelists.  Henry James was the author of several acclaimed works including The Portrait of a Lady and The Ambassadors. Early in school, William James expressed an interest in becoming a painter. While Henry James Sr. was known as an unusually permissive and liberal father, he wanted William to study science or philosophy. Only after William persisted in his interest did Henry permit his son to formally study painting. After studying painting with the famed artist William Morris Hunt for more than a year, James abandoned his dream of being a painter and enrolled at Harvard to study chemistry. While two of James brothers enlisted to serve in the American Civil War, William and Henry did not due to health problems. Timeline of Events Born January 11, 1842 in New York City1869 - Received M.D. from Harvard1875 - Began teaching psychology at Harvard1882 - Death of Williams father, Henry James Sr1890 - Published The Principles of Psychology1892 - Turned lab over to Hugo Munsterberg1897 - Published Will to Believe and Other Essays1907 - Published Pragmatism and officially resigned from HarvardDied August 26, 1910, at the age of 68 Career As the family money began to dwindle, William realized he would need to support himself and switched to Harvard Medical School. Unhappy with medicine as well, he left on an expedition with naturalist Louis Agassiz, although the experience was not a happy one. I was, body and soul, in a more indescribably hopeless, homeless and friendless state than I ever want to be in again, he later wrote. Suffering from health problems and severe depression, James spent the next two years in France and Germany. This period played an important role in shifting his interest toward psychology and philosophy. It was during this time that he studied with Hermann von Helmholtz and became increasingly interested in psychology. After graduating from Harvard Medical School in 1869, James continued to sink into depression. Following a period of inactivity, the president of Harvard offered James a position as an instructor. While he famously commented that the first lecture on psychology I ever heard being the first I ever gave, James accepted the job and went on to teach at Harvard for the next 35 years. In addition to his other important contributions, James helped shape the course of psychology by teaching the many students that passed through his classroom. James also founded one of the first psychology laboratories in the United States. His classic textbook The Principles of Psychology (1890) was widely acclaimed, but some were critical of James personal, literary tone. It is literature, psychologist Wilhelm Wundt famously commented, it is beautiful, but it is not psychology. Two years later, James published a condensed version of the work titled Psychology: The Briefer Course. The two books were widely used by students of psychology and were known to most as the James and the Jimmy respectively. Theories James theoretical contributions to psychology include the following: Pragmatism: James wrote considerably on the concept of pragmatism. According to pragmatism, the truth of an idea can never be proven. James proposed we instead focus on what he called the cash value, or usefulness, of an idea.Functionalism: James opposed the structuralist focus on introspection and breaking down mental events to the smallest elements. Instead, James focused on the wholeness of an event, taking into the impact of the environment on behavior.James-Lange Theory of Emotion: The James-Lange theory of emotion proposes that an event triggers a physiological reaction, which we then interpret. According to this theory, emotions are caused by our interpretations of these physiological reactions. Both James and the Danish physiologist Carl Lange independently proposed the theory. William James Influence on Psychology In addition to his enormous influence, many of James students went on to have prosperous and influential careers in psychology. Some of James students included Mary Whiton Calkins, Edward Thorndike, G. Stanley Hall, and John Dewey. Selected Works James, W. (1890). The Principles of Psychology. Classics in the History of Psychology, an internet resource developed by Christopher D. Green of York University, Toronto, Ontario.James, W. (1897). The Will to Believe.James, W. (1907). Pragmatism: A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking. New York: Longman Green and Co. Biographies Myers, G. (2001). William James: His Life and Thought. Yale University Press.Simon, L. (1999). Genuine Reality: A Life of William James. University Of Chicago Press.

William James Psychologist Biography

William James Psychologist Biography History and Biographies Print William James Psychologist Biography The Father of American Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on October 07, 2019 Margaret Mary James / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain More in Psychology History and Biographies Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming In This Article Table of Contents Expand Early Life Timeline of Events Career Theories Influence on Psychology Selected Works Biographies View All Back To Top William James was a psychologist and philosopher who had a major influence on the development of psychology in the United States. Among his many accomplishments, he was the first to teach a psychology course in the U.S. and is often referred to as the father of American psychology. James was also known for contributing to functionalism, one of the earliest schools of thought in psychology. His book The Principles of Psychology is considered one of the most classic and influential texts in psychologys history. He was also the brother of the noted writer Henry James and diarist Alice James. The art of being wise is the art of knowing what to overlook, William James once wrote. Learn more about his life, career, ideas, and contributions to psychology in this brief biography. He was best known for: PragmatismFunctionalismJames Lange Theory of EmotionOften called the father of American psychology William James Early Life William James was born into an affluent family. His father was deeply interested in philosophy and theology and strove to provide his children with an enriched education. The James children traveled to Europe frequently, attended the best possible schools, and were immersed in culture and art, which apparently paid off - William James went on to become one of the most important figures in psychology while brother Henry James became one of the most acclaimed American novelists.  Henry James was the author of several acclaimed works including The Portrait of a Lady and The Ambassadors. Early in school, William James expressed an interest in becoming a painter. While Henry James Sr. was known as an unusually permissive and liberal father, he wanted William to study science or philosophy. Only after William persisted in his interest did Henry permit his son to formally study painting. After studying painting with the famed artist William Morris Hunt for more than a year, James abandoned his dream of being a painter and enrolled at Harvard to study chemistry. While two of James brothers enlisted to serve in the American Civil War, William and Henry did not due to health problems. Timeline of Events Born January 11, 1842 in New York City1869 - Received M.D. from Harvard1875 - Began teaching psychology at Harvard1882 - Death of Williams father, Henry James Sr1890 - Published The Principles of Psychology1892 - Turned lab over to Hugo Munsterberg1897 - Published Will to Believe and Other Essays1907 - Published Pragmatism and officially resigned from HarvardDied August 26, 1910, at the age of 68 Career As the family money began to dwindle, William realized he would need to support himself and switched to Harvard Medical School. Unhappy with medicine as well, he left on an expedition with naturalist Louis Agassiz, although the experience was not a happy one. I was, body and soul, in a more indescribably hopeless, homeless and friendless state than I ever want to be in again, he later wrote. Suffering from health problems and severe depression, James spent the next two years in France and Germany. This period played an important role in shifting his interest toward psychology and philosophy. It was during this time that he studied with Hermann von Helmholtz and became increasingly interested in psychology. After graduating from Harvard Medical School in 1869, James continued to sink into depression. Following a period of inactivity, the president of Harvard offered James a position as an instructor. While he famously commented that the first lecture on psychology I ever heard being the first I ever gave, James accepted the job and went on to teach at Harvard for the next 35 years. In addition to his other important contributions, James helped shape the course of psychology by teaching the many students that passed through his classroom. James also founded one of the first psychology laboratories in the United States. His classic textbook The Principles of Psychology (1890) was widely acclaimed, but some were critical of James personal, literary tone. It is literature, psychologist Wilhelm Wundt famously commented, it is beautiful, but it is not psychology. Two years later, James published a condensed version of the work titled Psychology: The Briefer Course. The two books were widely used by students of psychology and were known to most as the James and the Jimmy respectively. Theories James theoretical contributions to psychology include the following: Pragmatism: James wrote considerably on the concept of pragmatism. According to pragmatism, the truth of an idea can never be proven. James proposed we instead focus on what he called the cash value, or usefulness, of an idea.Functionalism: James opposed the structuralist focus on introspection and breaking down mental events to the smallest elements. Instead, James focused on the wholeness of an event, taking into the impact of the environment on behavior.James-Lange Theory of Emotion: The James-Lange theory of emotion proposes that an event triggers a physiological reaction, which we then interpret. According to this theory, emotions are caused by our interpretations of these physiological reactions. Both James and the Danish physiologist Carl Lange independently proposed the theory. William James Influence on Psychology In addition to his enormous influence, many of James students went on to have prosperous and influential careers in psychology. Some of James students included Mary Whiton Calkins, Edward Thorndike, G. Stanley Hall, and John Dewey. Selected Works James, W. (1890). The Principles of Psychology. Classics in the History of Psychology, an internet resource developed by Christopher D. Green of York University, Toronto, Ontario.James, W. (1897). The Will to Believe.James, W. (1907). Pragmatism: A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking. New York: Longman Green and Co. Biographies Myers, G. (2001). William James: His Life and Thought. Yale University Press.Simon, L. (1999). Genuine Reality: A Life of William James. University Of Chicago Press.

Technology, Education, And But The Cost Of Goods - 858 Words

While others may still be thinking about the past and what it was like, it is important to think about the times now and even the future. Today, there seems to be more of a problem with technology, education, and even the cost of goods. Generation Me is an in depth research of how the younger American’s born in the 1970’s, 1980’s, and 1990’s were more confident, assertive, entitled, and more miserable than ever before. This book may be targeted to only a small group of people, but even today, the young teens and adults have many problems that make it hard to be satisfied with goals that may be accomplished or anything to be happy about. Jean M. Twenge, psychologist and social commentator, conducted a study with over 1.3 million people reaching over six decades. Within the research, she explains how different the times really are and the changes that affect the way we feel today. Twenge proves the ethos problems within her research. Movies are a big part of the attitude of the young American’s today because it changes the level of values and thoughts. It results in no social rules and learning to be independent. There are many shows and movies where the attitudes of the actors are poor and it will encourage viewers to change the way they act because it will make them seem like a better person. This leads to a change in manners and politeness of the people. Today, the mindset seems to be â€Å"not caring what others think.† I agree and think that people should not care whatShow MoreRelatedHigh Cost Of Higher Education1195 Words   |  5 Pagescollege due to the constantly rising cost of higher education. Research shows that both the two-year and four-year education system in the U.S. has experienced a significant increase in college tuition over the last three decades. If this trend is allowed to go on unchallenged, the likelihood of most students being unable to meet the high cost will be very high in the coming years as there are already notable signs of this happening. According to education expert Philips Elliot from the ChristianRead MoreThe Assessment Of Emerging Energy Efficient Industrial Technologies1565 Words   |  7 PagesThere are endless ideas and discussions on what is required of government to insure efficiency both in the long run and short run in terms of protecting the public good on various topics such as research and development, education, pipelines, and climate change. What one must immediately consider is what portion of the public is being protected, and whom do these externalities affect? It is obvious that America is made up of a diverse group of socio-economic levels, beliefs, and political desiresRead MoreTechnology And Learning : Enabling Or Subverting1362 Words   |  6 PagesTopic Technology and Learning: Enabling or Subverting, Chapter 12 Analysis of Required Reading Position 1: Technology Enables Learning As we employ new technological tools, our views about technology itself change. Advances are being made in areas such as solar energy, radio, television microwave, medical imaging, satellite communication, and laser surgery and our children need to be able to keep up with these and other technological advances now and in the future. After all, technological knowledgeRead Moretechnology and the workforce Essay837 Words   |  4 PagesShould we hold back technology to protect the unskilled workforce? Since the beginning of time, people have made and used tools to make everyday life simpler. The car was a major breakthrough for transporting people as well as goods and services. The conveyor belt also helped production rates for manufacturing, allowing the work force to finish goods almost 10 times faster. The workforce benefits with new technology, some may argue that new technology hurts the workforce. Colleges and universitiesRead MoreEducation and labour skills are essential for a fully functioning logistics and supply management1100 Words   |  5 PagesEducation and labour skills are essential for a fully functioning logistics and supply management system. In Southern Africa there is a lack of education and skills within the logistics system, which means unskilled labour and less effectiveness and efficiency. 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That changed in the 1970s, when digital imageRead MoreOnline Education Versus Traditional Education1196 Words   |  5 PagesOnline Education versus Traditional Education Many students have a difficult time choosing between online education and traditional education. Both styles of education offer advantages and disadvantages to the student. There are many things to consider when making this life altering decision, such as, cost, convenience, time, social interaction, and technology. This information is meant to inform prospective students looking to further their education of the pros and cons of both online educationRead MoreOn-Line Teaching vs Traditional Teaching1302 Words   |  6 PagesTeaching Nowadays, education becomes one of the important things in human life. Most of the individual in the earth is aware to obtain the education. Besides that, every country always concern on developing the quality of the education to improve the human resources. If the quality of human resources of a country is good, indeed, the quality of that country will be good too. As the matter of fact, we cannot deny that the improvement of technology really influence the education itself. Last time,Read MoreDesigning And Inventing New Technologies Essay1619 Words   |  7 Pagesengineer, many people think it is all about designing and inventing new technologies. In reality, an engineer must be able to do many things in order to be a good one. Some of these things are drawing and designing, being imaginative and creative, being logical, and exploring every possible outcome. But one of the most important things an engineer must be able to do is combine all of these skills whilst also keeping the c ost to produce their invention as low as possible. This can prove to be veryRead MorePost College World : A Utopia Or A Mirage?985 Words   |  4 PagesPost-College world: A utopia or a mirage? College education has consistently remained the most significant factor dividing the haves and the have-nots in the United States. A diploma does not merely bring increased earning, social status, but even a better choice of marriage partner (Cohen). Anya Kamenetz wades right into the current zeitgeist of college affordability by arguing that we may have reached a post-college world in which graduates armed with formal education and credentials will cede to the creative

Childhood Obesity And Its Effects On Children - 2347 Words

Childhood obesity has multiplied exponentially in the past two or three decades. More than one third of children and young adults were classified as obese or overweight in 2012. Childhood obesity has become an epidemic all over the world but especially in the United States. Health is the most important part of a person’s life and it is unaccepta-ble for multitudes of people to be at a disadvantage when it comes to health at such an early and tender age. There are some trends of society that can be seen as apparent rea-sons for this increase in childhood obesity such as the rise of a more sedentary lifestyle and the growing access to unhealthy food. However, children and parents are not solely to blame, rather, society as a whole may be†¦show more content†¦Therefore, combatting child-hood obesity should not be left up to one individual or family, but greater effort should be made to reduce the negative impacts of society on those who are especially vulnerable and at r isk for succumbing to obesity. Children who are overweight or obese have a higher risk of being diagnosed with diabetes, blood pressure problems, bad cholesterol, and depression. Children who are obese also have a high chance of becoming obese adults with multiple health problems that automatically reduce the quality of life. It is important to understand exactly what and who falls under the umbrella of ‘childhood obesity’ and identify the causes of the problem in order to pinpoint constructive solutions and interventions. Body: Mayo Clinic defines childhood obesity as â€Å"a serious medical condition where a child is well above the normal weight for his or her age and height†. A child is classified as obese when his or her Body Mass Index also known as BMI is above the 95th percen-tile. Obesity in general is a terrible disease that severely impacts the quality of life for in-dividuals affected as it opens the door for children to be susceptible to illnesses such as diabetes and heart problems. Obesity is certainly more distressing

The Hand That Rocks The Cradle - 1836 Words

In The Hand that Rocks the Cradle, Claire and Michael Bartel are happily married and have a daughter named Emma and they are expecting a second child. One morning a black man named Solomon knocks on their front door. He is a mentally handicapped handyman that was sent to build a fence for Bartel’s house by the Better Day Society, who finds jobs for the mentally disabled. Later that day, Claire has an appointment with her new OB/GYN, Dr. Victor Mott. While she is being examined by Dr. Mott, he sexually molests her. After she leaves his office, Claire goes home, showers, and then tells her husband Michael about it. Michael encourages Claire to report Dr. Mott; Once Claire reports the complaint, at least four other women accuse Dr. Mott of the same thing. Then Dr. Mott is brought up on charges and he decides to commit suicide. In the wake of Dr. Mott’s suicide, his widow Mrs. Mott, who is seven months pregnant, learns that her husband’s assets have been frozen and t hat she can stay in the Mott home until the baby is born. But upon leaving the meeting, Mrs. Mott collapses and is rushed to the hospital. While at the hospital, she has a miscarriage and has to have a hysterectomy. Later, Mrs. Mott sees Claire Bartel’s picture on TV and thinks that she is responsible for Dr. Mott killing himself and her baby boy that died, so she swears to get vengeance on Claire. Six months later, Claire has given birth to a baby boy, Joe, and Solomon is still working for the Bartel’s. Claire andShow MoreRelatedThe Hand That Rocks the Cradle Rules the World953 Words   |  4 PagesThe hand that rocks the cradle rules the world The woman, later a mother after marriage, plays an important role in ensuring the continuity of the human race on earth. â€Å"The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world† is a line of a poem written by the American poet, William Ross Wallace, summarizing in nine words a dignified thought which cannot be so forcefully expressed even by a volume of many pages. This is a celebrated saying often quoted in appreciation of the important work done by aRead MoreCats Cradle: The Destructive Nature Of Humans Essay1526 Words   |  7 Pagesdemonstrates in Cats Cradle with the example of ice-nine, which is developed by the fictional creator of the atom bomb, Felix Hoenikker. It is symbolic of the atom bomb in that it has the power to end human life. Hoenikker is obviously an exceedingly smart man; however, it can be inferred from his inventions that he does not always consider the negative consequences of his new discoveries. He is merely on a quest for further knowledge, not a quest to better our society. The game of cats cradle, which HoenikkerRead MoreCats Cradle: the Destructive Nature of Humans1582 Words   |  7 Pagesdemonstrates in Cats Cradle with the example of ice-nine, which is developed by the fictional creator of the atom bomb, Felix Hoenikker. It is symbolic of the atom bomb in that it has the power to end human life. Hoenikker is o bviously an exceedingly smart man; however, it can be inferred from his inventions that he does not always consider the negative consequences of his new discoveries. He is merely on a quest for further knowledge, not a quest to better our society. The game of cats cradle, which HoenikkerRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Desiree Chrun 733 Words   |  3 PagesDesiree Chrun 523 words 9100 St. Charles Rock Road St. Louis, MO 63114 (314) 493-6100 chrund708@ritenourschools.org Creative Title by Desiree Chrun â€Å"We’re all gathered here today because of the lost of a loved one. He lived a brief live where many obstacles were faced. He held one very close friend. His dear friend Ms. Ariana Escobar, who is going to say a few words about him.† The preacher leaves theRead MoreThe Laws Of Motion And Bouncing Balls1676 Words   |  7 Pageswhich h you multiply the objects speed by its mass and that will give you the amount of force the ball was dropped with, and the units used to express force are Newtons. This law explains why you can throw a 5 ounce baseball farther then a ten pound rock. Think of it like this the more force you put in an object the faster it will travel and change direction. 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Reassessing Ins And Outs Of Unemployment â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Reassessing Ins And Outs Of Unemployment? Answer: Introduction The objective of this report is to analyze on the present economic health of the Australia. This nation is bouncing back after recession period (2008-2009). The economic growth of Australia strengthens and convergence of income has resumed in the current state. Moreover, recent statistics reflects that the income inequality decreases and rate of unemployment also declines in this current period. In addition, global trends have influenced financial as well as economic health of Australia (Angelini et al. 2015). The nation enjoyed huge success in the present decades that reflects good macroeconomic policy and structural changes. Improvement in competition in the economy that enhances innovation development is main for reinstating productivity growth of the nation. The collaboration between organizations and research industries boosts the productivity growth of the nation. The rank of Australia in terms of nominal gross domestic product (GDP) is 12th while its position in terms of purch asing power parity is 19th (Andreeva and Kianto 2012). Economic condition of Australia is also distinguished between first quarter (Q1) of 2017 and second quarter (Q2) of 2016. Major issues that Australia faces in the next 12 months are also explained in this study. Economic health of Australian economy in 2017 Australia economic situation has been measured by using different macroeconomic indicators that includes GDP, rate of inflation, rate of employment and balance of trade. Recent statistics highlights that the growth of the Australian economy perks up in the current year. Moreover, it has been predicted by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) that the economy will be increasing in upcoming years (W et al. 2015). The present health of the country shows that the reforms in many sectors as well as implementation of economic policies contribute to its growth. The countrys GDP reflects huge variation in growth and reflects expansion in Q1 of 2017 with respect to Q2 of 2016. In addition, rise in income inequalities as well as aboriginal population assures that fair opportunities also occurs in the labor market owing to implementation of economic policies (Tonts et al. 2012). Furthermore, growth in wage rate as well as rate of unemployment and inflation decreases in the present decade. Eventua lly, the countries employment increases by near about 61.4% in the present year. However, this country has shown mixed signals over this two year (2016 and 2017). The analysis has been done by using the macroeconomic indicator given below: GDP of Australia- GDP of a country signifies total output or productivity of the nation. Economist focuses on GDP of the nation for assessing whether the nation is in recession or boom. The GDP of this country has shown positive signals over the past few decades (Delgado et al. 2014). The current value of GDP is USD 1343.6 billion, which reflects the size of the Australian economy. Rise in purchasing power of the consumers leads to reduction in savings growth rate. As a result, this nations income rises due to rise in total production. Hence, increase in consumption of Australians by 0.5% sums up to 0.3% growth rate in GDP this year. It has been opined by (Panayotou 2016) that total investment also contributes to 0.4% to Australias GDP leading to decline in overall savings rate by 4.7%. Unemployment rate of Australia- In Q1 of 2017, the countrys unemployment rate reduces to near about 5.6% due to technologies, automation , infrastructure and off shoring. However, more than 239373 jobs has been created in this year because of policy reforms and expansion of business globally. The labor force participation in wok increases to 65.1%, which increases labor market flexibility. Thus, augmentation in participation rate of 0.1% to 65.1% leads to rise in employment rate in Q1 of 2017 from Q2 of 2016 (Klinger and Rothe 2012) Inflation rate in Australia- Inflation rate specifies increase in level of goods prices that leads to decrease in consumers purchasing power. The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) estimates the nations rate of inflation by applying consumer price index (CPI). In Q1 of 2017, the CPI rises to 2.1% due to increase in medical and cigarettes prices. After over viewing the economic condition, the RBA tries to cut the interest rates for stabilizing inflation. Australias trade balance- Balance of Trade (BOT) signifies net export of goods and services of the respective country. The BOT of the nation determines whether the country is in trade surplus or trade deficit (Hatfield-Dodds et al. 2015). Trade surplus occurs when export becomes higher than import of commodities. On the contrary, trade deficit takes place when import of goods becomes greater than its export. Australias BOT in Q1 of 2017 is 888 billion that signifies this economy undergoes surplus in trade. Distinguishing economic condition of Australia of Q1 of 2017 with respect to Q2 of 2016 The current statistics reflects that the present condition of Australian economy expands in Q1 of 2017 from the Q2 of 2016. Australias GDP expands by about 0.3% in Q1of 2017 in comparison with Q2 of 2017 that recorded to 0.5%. Mining sector hugely contributes to AUD 29393 million in this year. In addition, finance as well health sector made a huge contribution to the nations GDP growth rate. Aggregate demand for products increases in Q1 of 2017 regardless of weak expenditure in retail sector and is mainly driven by rise in rate in nondiscretionary industries that involves electricity as well as gas segments. Besides, changes in inventories also increase to AUD 2069 million that is mainly contributed by retail and mining industries. Graph 1: Comparing Australias GDP in Q1 of 2017 and Q2 of 2016 Source: (Authors creation) In Q1 of 2017, Australias unemployment rate declines to about 5.6% from Q2 of previous year that amounted to 5.7%. Decrease in Australias rate of unemployment happens due to increase in participation of workers in part-time jobs (Dijkstra et al. 2013). The figure reflects that workers participation rate remains stable during the phase of 2016 and 2017 at 64.9%. Nevertheless, this countrys unemployment rate rises above the target level of 5%. The reason behind this is that Decline in infrastructure expenditure during destitute economic situation shifts the employees from this country Structural unemployment occurs due to implementation of new technologies by few businesses Recession or financial crises in the period 2008-2009 also hampered countrys economic growth owing to rise in nations unemployment. Graph 2: Comparing unemployment rate in Q1 of 2017 with Q2 of 2016 Source (Authors creation) In Q1 of 2017, consumer price index (CPI) of Australia rises to 2.1% in comparison with the second phase of 2016 that recorded at 1%.This highlights that price of the commodities including food, beverages, education, medical services and housing sector increases and thus improving Australians standard of their living. It has been noted that the average rate of inflation in Australia from 1951 to 2017 is 5.07%. Graph 3: Comparing Australias unemployment rate in Q1 of 2017 with Q2 of 2016 Source: (Authors creation) Balance of trade of Australia increases to 888 billion in this quarter of 2017 owing to increase in exports and imports of products and services. As a result, the national income of Australia improved in Q1 of 2017 due to expansion of trade (Kumar et al. 2012). On the other hand, trade deficit results in Q2 of 2016 as BOT of the nation was -1576 that reflects trade value of this economy were quite low in comparison with Q1 of 2017. Graph 4: Comparing Australias Balance of trade in Q1 of 2017 and Q2 of 2016 Source: (Authors creation) Some main issues that this nation will face over the next 12 months Different economical issues that this nation might face in the upcoming 12 months are: Modern tax system imposed by Australias government plays an important role in competitiveness and productivity of the nation. Changing tax system influences the incentives for acquiring job and thus improper tax settings reduces personnel participation rate (Wakeel and Ullah 2013). Therefore, all the industries might face this issue in the next 12 months. Increasing population of Australia increases pressure on the spending of the consumers mostly in few areas that includes medical sectors. Swelling health cost linked to introduction of advanced technologies for producing medicines increases fiscal pressures. Infrastructure as well as capital investment will also influences the economy of Australia in the next 12 months. The economy will need huge infrastructure investment and capacity building for long term. Therefore, this capital investment will be acquired for developing big infrastructure projects such as rail, roads. Thus, other nations increases competition for developing large projects in terms of restricted availability of capital and this adversely affects the Australian economy. Conclusion From the above report, it can be concluded that present economic condition of Australia stimulates growth of the nation in Q1 of 2017 as compared to Q2 of 2016. The nation has grown by around 2.5 % on an average over these two years. Rise in growth of mining industries supported by a rise in resource exports expands the GDP growth rate of Australia. Moreover, dwelling investment strengthens in Q1of 2017 relative to Q2 of 2016 improved the condition of this economy. It has been forecasted by the economist that Australias GDP growth rate will augment to 3% in 2018. In addition, adoption of expansionary monetary policy by RBA since Q2 of 2016 also facilitates the nation to progress in rapid way. Moreover, it has been predicted by the economist that Australia economy might face many challenges in terms of competition from other countries, which might affect the growth in the next 12 months. References Andreeva, T. and Kianto, A., 2012. Does knowledge management really matter? Linking knowledge management practices, competitiveness and economic performance. Journal of knowledge management, 16(4), pp.617-636. Angelini, P., Clerc, L., Crdia, V., Gambacorta, L., Gerali, A., Locarno, A., Motto, R., Roeger, W., Van den Heuvel, S. and Vl?ek, J., 2015. Basel III: Long?term Impact on Economic Performance and Fluctuations. The Manchester School, 83(2), pp.217-251. Delgado, M., Porter, M.E. and Stern, S., 2014. Clusters, convergence, and economic performance. Research Policy, 43(10), pp.1785-1799. Dijkstra, L., Garcilazo, E. and McCann, P., 2013. The economic performance of European cities and city regions: Myths and realities. European Planning Studies, 21(3), pp.334-354. Hatfield-Dodds, S., Schandl, H., Adams, P.D., Baynes, T.M., Brinsmead, T.S., Bryan, B.A., Chiew, F.H., Graham, P.W., Grundy, M., Harwood, T. and McCallum, R., 2015. Australia is' free to choose'economic growth and falling environmental pressures.Nature,527(7576), p.49. Klinger, S. and Rothe, T., 2012. The Impact of Labour Market Reforms and Economic Performance on the Matching of the Short?term and the Long?term Unemployed.Scottish Journal of Political Economy,59(1), pp.90-114. Kumar, S., Webber, D.J. and Perry, G., 2012. Real wages, inflation and labour productivity in Australia. Applied Economics, 44(23), pp.2945-2954. Panayotou, T., 2016. Economic growth and the environment. The environment in anthropology, pp.140-148. Shimer, R., 2012. Reassessing the ins and outs of unemployment. Review of Economic Dynamics, 15(2), pp.127-148. Kubiszewski, I., Costanza, R., Franco, C., Lawn, P., Talberth, J., Jackson, T. and Aylmer, C., 2013. Beyond GDP: Measuring and achieving global genuine progress. Ecological Economics, 93, pp.57-68. Tonts, M., Plummer, P. and Lawrie, M., 2012. Socio-economic wellbeing in Australian mining towns: A comparative analysis.Journal of Rural Studies,28(3), pp.288-301. Wakeel, I. and Ullah, K., 2013. Impacts of budget deficit on output, inflation and balance of trade. Journal of global and scientific issues, 1(1), pp.40-52.

The Issue Of Gun Control And Violence, Both In Canada And The Essays

The issue of gun control and violence, both in Canada and the United States, is one that simply will not go away. If history is to be any guide, no matter what the resolution to the gun control debate is, it is probable that the arguments pro and con will be much the same as they always have been. In 1977, legislation was passed by the Canadian Parliament regulating long guns for the first time, restructuring the availability of firearms, and increasing a variety of penalties . Canadian firearms law is primarily federal, and"therfore national in scope, while the bulk of the firearms regulation in the United States is at the state level; attempts to introduce stricter leglislation at the federal level are often defeated". The importance of this issue is that not all North Americans are necessarily supportive of strict gun control as being a feasible alternative to controlling urban violence. There are concerns with the opponents of gun control, that the professional criminal who wants a gun can obtain one, and leaves the average law-abiding citizen helpless in defending themselves against the perils of urban life. Is it our right to bear arms as North Americans? Or is it privilege? And what are the benefits of having strict gun control laws? Through the analysis of the writings and reports of academics and experts of gun control and urban violence, it will be possible to examine the issues and theories of the social impact of this issue. Part II: Review of the Literature A) Summary In a paper which looked at gun control and firearms violence in North America, Robert J. Mundt, of the University of North Carolina, points out that "Crime in America is popularly perceived [in Canada] as something to be expected in a society which has less respect for the rule of law than does Canadian society..." . In 1977, the Canadian government took the initiative to legislate stricter gun control. Among the provisions legislated by the Canadian government was a "Firearms Acquisition Certificate" for the purchase of any firearm, and strengthened the "registration requirements for handguns and other restricted weapons...". The purpose of the 1977 leglislation was to reduce the availability of firearms, on the assumption that there is a "positive relationship between availability and use". In Robert J. Mundt's study, when compared with the United States, trends in Canada over the past ten years in various types of violent crime, suicide, and accidental death show no dramatic results, "and few suggestions of perceptible effects of the 1977 Canadian gun control legislation". The only positive effect , Mundt, found in the study was the decrease in the use of firearms in robbery with comparion to trends in the United States . Informed law enforcement officers in Canada, as in the United States, view the "impact of restricting the availability of firearms is more likely to impact on those violent incidents that would not have happened had a weapon been at hand"(152). In an article by Gary A. Mauser of the Simon Fraser University in British Columbia, he places special emphasis on the attitudes towards firearms displayed by both Canadians and Americans. According to Mauser, large majorities of the general public in both countries "support gun control legislation while simultaneously believing that they have the right to own firearms" (Mauser 1990:573). Despite the similarities, there are apparent differences between the general publics in the two countries. As Mauser states that "Canadians are more deferent to authority and do not support the use of handguns in self defence to the same extent as Americans". As Mauser points out that "it has been argued that cultural differences account for why Canada has stricter gun control legislation than the United States"(575). Surprisingly enough, nationwide surveys in both Canada and the United States "show remarkable similarity in the public attitude towards firearms and gun control"(586). Both Canada and the United States were originally English colonies, and both have historically had similar patterns of immigration. Moreover, Canadians are exposed to American television (both entertainment and news programming) and, Canadians and Americans read many of the same books and magazines. As a result of this, the Canadian public has adopted "much of the American culture". In an article by Catherine F. Sproule and Deborah J. Kennett of Trent University, they looked at the use of firearms in Canadian homicides between the years of 1972-1982. There findings firmly support the conclusion that gun control is beneficial. According to Sproule and Kennett, gun control "may be influencing some suspects to kill by other methods, but it is less likely for these suspects to kill multiple victims". From

Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment essay

Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment essay Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment essay Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment essayIn what ways can an understanding of the stages of adulthood be helpful? Do you think that knowing about these stages beforehand can make experiencing the stages any easier or more enjoyable? Why or why not?The understanding of the stages of adulthood may be helpful in terms of understanding profound transformations that take place in the life of individuals. This understanding will facilitate overcoming possible problems and difficulties that individuals may experienced, for instance, in the middle adulthood.What are some of the developmental challenges and risks that accompany the transition from high school to college? What are the key markers in the United States that signal when an individual enters adulthood?The major developmental challenges and risks associated with the transition from high school to college are the transition to the independent life in the college compared to the high school life, when individuals remain within their families. The independent life of individuals and their ability to earn for living are the major markers when individuals enter adulthood.Research has shown that many risky behaviors, such as binge drinking and casual sex, increase during early adulthood. At the same time, individuals are becoming more cognitively advanced. Why is there such a discrepancy between increased cognitive ability and poor decision-making that occurs during this developmental period?Increased cognitive ability is the result of the completion of basic skills and abilities as well as the formation of the basic system of values. However, they may have poor decision-making because of the lack of experience of taking important decisions and the system of values that may be changing in the course of life.Men and women have very different approaches to relationships and intimacy. How can we overcome these differences to have healthy, happy relationships?Men and women can overcome differences i n their relationships and intimacy through learning those differences that will help them to understand them better.

Trainspotting Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Trainspotting - Movie Review Example Renton, Spud, Sick Boy, Tommy and the violent Begbie were all friends, lived in Scotland and hated it. They hated the dull life of Scotland. The story of the film revolves around Renton and his attempts to give up the heroin-addiction and to come out of the negative influence of his friends Tommy, Spud, and Sick Boy. The story also follows Tommy, Spud, Sick Boy and Begbie; their stories are beautifully projected in the film and their characters have displayed different aspects of the contemporary society of Scotland. It is said that Trainspotting is not a British film at all; rather, it is a Scottish film which strongly asserts uniqueness of Scotland and does not associate itself with the general tourist-version package of Scotland. The film establishes the fact that Scotland also has a distinctive and healthy school of cinema. Trainspotting can be considered as a milestone of a ‘new Scottish cinema,’ which is quite different from all the stereotype movies made in Scotla nd in the past. It denies the Tartary and kailyardism which was imposed by outside filmmakers and by embracing contemporary and urban Scotland; it has became a milestone of Scottish film industry. Trainspotting: An evaluation The story of the movie is narrated by shifting narrators. ... The alienation of Renton has been beautifully highlighted in the night-club sequence in Edinburgh when his friends were dancing and he was shown standing alone in a corner of a room. Renton has lost his sex drive due to his drug addiction which is returned in a vengeance and the days and memories of impotency and the days after that has been remarkably shown in the movie and Renton’s desperation, his lustful mind and his happiness after regaining potency make the audience laugh but at the same time raise serious notes. The movie Trainspotting seems to lack a defined time frame which sometimes becomes confusing. For instance, the duration of fibula is not known, the duration of Renton’s stay in London is not clear, or the time taken by Tommy for his experiments with heroin and his death. The film has a couple of flashbacks and a couple of flash-forwards and it appears like different episodes of soap. The director of the film is basically a director of soap-serials which is quite visible in the movie. â€Å"Trainspotting also cuts across genres mixing realism with fantasy, offering the characters. The redemption of material impoverishment through aesthetic transformation. The film depicts poverty realistically, but in a way that encompasses the possibility of escape as well as entrapment, and in exploiting the aesthetics of film draws ‘a kind of vitality from grinding poverty† (Smith). Scotland is considered a beautiful tourist spot of Britain which has a lot of scenic beauties but Trainspotting has failed to represent Scotland in an ostentatious way; on the contrary, it has been displayed in a banal manner. The depiction of Scotland is quite dull and dark whereas London has been portrayed as bright, warm and colorful and it clearly highlights

Law case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Law case study - Essay Example Once offer and acceptance are found to exist, the courts will then look to determine whether or not there is consideration. Consideration was defined by Lush LJ in the following terms: While Daniel offered to sell his guitar to Marina for the sum of 500 pounds, Marina did not accept the offer outright. Her offer was no more than a conditional acceptance, in that she would purchase the guitar if she could raise the sum offered. It is commonly felt that in order for the acceptance of an order to be legally binding it must follow the essential substance of the offer made.4 By saying what she could only purchase the guitar if she could raise the funds, Marina was no accepting the offer but merely indicating that she would if and when she had the necessary consideration. Therefore the offer and acceptance would not have been completed until such time as Marina communicated to Daniel a firm intention to purchase the guitar. Since this never happened there was no binding agreement between them. The fact that Daniel sold the guitar to a third party on Wednesday despite having promised Marina that he would not sell the guitar before Friday is of no consequence. There is nothing preventing Daniel withdrawing his offer at anytime before the prescribed period which was stated to Friday. Either party is at liberty to change their minds before the agreement is complete.5 In any event, Marina has a more onerous task establishing that the offer and acceptance goes beyond a mere gratuitous exchange of promises. These kinds of promises, in the absence of an executed deed of contract and/or consideration will not be enforced by the courts. In order to substantiate an effective claim against Anthea for breach of contract, Marina will have to show that there was some consideration.6 Consideration is defined by Patterson J as: Since Marina did not suffer a detriment pursuant to the offer made and withdrawn

Entrepreneurs Personal Characteristics And Influence On Growth Commerce Essay

Entrepreneurs Personal Characteristics And Influence On Growth Commerce Essay Barons (2002) definition of entrepreneurship indicates that entrepreneurship involves a complex process in which specific individuals recognize opportunities and then act to convert them into tangible economic benefits by setting up a new business. This corresponds with Schumpeters (1934, from: Elliot, 1983) early definition of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs. He states that an enterprise is a carrying out of new combinations and entrepreneurs are the individuals whose function it is to carry them out. According to Schumpeter everyone is an entrepreneur only when he is actually carrying out new combinations, and he loses that character as soon as he built up his business. The entrepreneur then becomes only a small business owner (Carland et al., 1984). In this report I use Schumpeters definition of entrepreneurs and with that focus on entrepreneurs that started a business recently. Several meta-analyses have shown that entrepreneurs differ from other groups in terms of a broad range of personality (Zhao et al., 2010). The five-factor model (FFM) of personality provides a meaningful and generalizable taxonomy for studying these differences. The FFM consists of five relatively independent dimensions: Extraversion, Neuroticism, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Openness to Experience (Wang and Erdheim, 2007). Each dimension reflects certain personal characteristics. Small businesses are different from large organizations. Their characteristics are that they are reactive, fire-fighting mentality, have resource limitations, informal strategies and flexible structures (Terziovski, 2010). While small firms opportunity-seeking skills may be strong, their limited knowledge stocks and lack of market power inhibit their ability to enact the competitive advantages necessary to appropriate value from opportunities the firms choose to pursue (Ketchen et al., 2007). This paper consists of a literature study on the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs and their influence on small business growth. Scientific literature will be consulted to study this relationship. I have chosen to investigate the relationship between an entrepreneurs personal characteristics and their influence on small business growth because I am interested in entrepreneurship and because I am working on setting up my own small business. It is an interesting topic because there are not many articles written about it and I think it can give entrepreneurs insights in how to use certain personal characteristics to make a positive contribution to the growth of their small business. The research question of the paper is: To what extent are an entrepreneurs personal characteristics of influence on small business growth? The sub questions are: How can personality be defined? Which personal characteristics are according to the literature specific for an entrepreneur? What are the characteristics of the small business sector? What kind of challenges will an entrepreneur face after starting up a business? The paper will be structured as follows. In the next section I will put up a definition of personality and review the Five Factor Model. Some insights about personal characteristics of entrepreneurs that are written about in the literature are also being discussed. After that a section is dedicated to the characteristics of the small business sector and what kind of challenges entrepreneurs face after starting up their business. Section 4 consists of an analysis where the insights from the foregoing two sections are combined. I will also analyze and discuss the results of an interview with an entrepreneur in this section. In the last section a conclusion will be given with a concrete answer to the sub questions and the research question. I will also discuss the limitations of this study and some recommendations for future studies. Figure 1 summarizes the paper structure. Figure 1: Paper structure An entrepreneurs personal characteristics In this section an overview is given of an entrepreneurs personal characteristics that are elaborated on in the literature. First a definition of personality will be given. In the same section The Five Factor personality Model (FFM) is explored because in this model certain personal characteristics are grouped together into five different personality dimensions. After that other personal characteristics that are quoted in the literature are being discussed. The goal of this section is to derive a set of personal characteristics from the literature that are typical for entrepreneurs and match them to the dimensions of the FFM. Personality and the Five Factor Model This paragraph starts with a definition of personality. After that I will explain the FFM model and specify an amount of personal characteristics that are typical for the five dimensions of the model. Personality can be defined as enduring dispositions that cause characteristics patterns of interaction with the environment (Parks and Guay, 2009). Personality consists of personality traits that are endogenous basic tendencies tied to underlying biophysiological response systems. They are strongly heritable, immune to social and parental influences and quite stable throughout maturity (Olver and Mooradian, 2003). In the 1990s consensus was reached about five broad categories of personality. These five categories together are called the Five Factor personality Model. The five FFM dimensions are: Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability/Neuroticism, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Openness to experience (Parks and Guay, 2009; Wang and Erdheim, 2007; Zhao et al., 2010). Conscientiousness refers to making deliberate choices and being reliable. The personal characteristics that belong to this dimension are being careful, thorough, responsible, motivated, organized and efficient. Emotional stability/neuroticism represents the individual differences in the tendency to experience distress and the typical behaviors that are associated with it. According to Parks and Guay (2009) emotional stability refers to the characteristics self-confident, resilient and well-adjusted. According to Wang and Erdheim (2007) neuroticism is the opposite of emotional stability and is being anxious, depressed, emotional, worried and insecure. The third dimension, extraversion, refers to being ambitious, talkative, assertive, and sociable. Agreeableness consists of the social aspect of personality, that is being friendly, cooperative, loyal, courteous, good-natured and tolerant. Finally, openness to experience refers to the characteristics curious, imaginative, open-minded and artistically sensitive. This dimension reflects the creative side of personality. According to Zhao et al. (2010) these five dimensions do not cover all personality traits, so they expanded the model with the dimension Risk propensity. Risk propensity can be defined as the willingness to pursue decisions or courses of action involving uncertainty regarding success or failure outcomes. This was a short explanation about personality and the FFM. In the next paragraph I will discuss several personality traits of entrepreneurs that were elaborated on in literature. An entrepreneurs personal characteristics In this paragraph I will start with Schumpeters theory about the psychology of the entrepreneur. After that several personal characteristics of an entrepreneur that are reviewed in the literature will be discussed. Schumpeter (1934, from: Elliot, 1983) was one of the first to discuss the personal characteristics of the entrepreneur. He argues that there is the dream and the will to found a private kingdom, usually, though not necessarily, also a dynasty. Then there is the will to conquer: the impulse to fight, to prove oneself superior to others, to succeed for the sake, not of the fruits of success, but of success itself. Finally, there is the joy of creating, of getting things done, or simply of exercising ones energy and ingenuity (p. 93). After Schumpeter several other researchers investigated the psychology of the entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs differ from the rest of the population in a number of ways (Beugelsdijk and Noorderhaven, 2005; Brandstà ¤tter, 1997; Zhao et al., 2010). Entrepreneurs can be characterized by an incentive structure based on individual responsibility and effort, and a strong work ethic (Beugelsdijk and Noorderhaven, 2005). This means that they think that the state should not take more responsibility, private ownership should be increased, that unemployed should not have the right to refuse a job and success is not a matter of luck and connections but of hard work. Brandstà ¤tter (1997) attaches an entrepreneurs personal characteristics to some situational characteristics that are common to all entrepreneurs. First, it is the absence of people who give orders, set goals and control the outcome. This means that entrepreneurs are more individually oriented than other people (Beugelsdijk and Noorderhaven, 2005). A second aspect is the insecurity. There is always the risk of economic failure that entrepreneurs have to deal with. They dont need to be upset or worried very easily, so emotional stability is a prerequisite for entrepreneurs. This corresponds with the vision of Zhang et al. (2009). They mention that the level of neuroticism was a key predictor of centrality in advice and friendship networks. People that score low on the level of neuroticism tend to obtain central positions in advice and friendship networks and people high in neuroticism tended to become the center of adversarial networks. Because social networks are very important for entrepreneurs, these results suggest that entrepreneurs have to be emotional stable. The third characteristic Brandstà ¤tter (1997) defines is the demand for social contact. Entrepreneurs have to convince their customers of the usefulness of their product and they have to keep in touch with them to fulfill their needs. Finally, entrepreneurs have to be ready to try out new ideas and respond quickly to changes around them. This means that entrepreneurs have to be more innovative than others. Another characteristic of entrepreneurs is that they score high on the extraversion dimension (Zhang et al., 2009). This seems logical because extraverted people tend to have more social skills and this is important for entrepreneurs because they have to persuade different stakeholders. Baron (2002) supports this vision. He states that entrepreneurs who are successful in generating enthusiasm in others, may be significantly more successful than those who are not. Smith-Hunter et al. (2003) defined the most researched personal characteristics from the traditional school, that is a group of researchers who focused on the personality characteristics of the individual. These characteristics are locus of control (Poon et al., 2006), risk-taking (Zhao et al., 2010), achievement motivation (Poon et al., 2006), and problem solving style and innovativeness (Beugelsdijk and Noorderhaven, 2005; Schumpeter, 1934, from: Elliot, 1983). Locus of control can be defined as peoples perception of their ability to exercise control over the environment (Poon et al., 2006). People with an internal locus of control believe that their own effort determines certain outcomes in life, whereas people with an external locus of control believe that outcomes are determined by external factors they cant influence. Locus of control is one of the classical themes in the entrepreneurial trait research that differentiate entrepreneurs from non-entrepreneurs (Beugelsdijk and Noorderhaven, 2005; Poon et al., 2006). Entrepreneurs are characterized by a more internal locus of control (Dvir et al., 2010). Many recent studies have focused on the relationship between the locus of control and an entrepreneurs level of self-efficacy (Smith-Hunter et al., 2003). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy is the degree to which people perceive themselves as having the ability to successfully perform the various roles and tasks of entrepreneurship (Hmieleski and Baron, 2008). Hmieleski and Baron (2008) investigated that self-efficacy is moderated by the degree of optimism and the industry conditions. The results of their study indicate that (1) in dynamic environments, entrepreneurial self-efficacy exerts positive effects on performance for firms led by moderately optimistic entrepreneurs, but exerts negative effects on performance for firms led by entrepreneurs who are highly optimistic and (2) in stable environments, the effects of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on firm performance are less clear and not moderated by the degree of optimism. The opinions about the characteristic risk-taking are diverse. Some researchers found that entrepreneurs are high risk takers (Zhao et al., 2010), but others mention that entrepreneurs are moderate risk takers (Xu and Ruef, 2004). There are two forms of risk tolerance that may lead individuals to entrepreneurial activity, strategic and non-strategic (Xu and Ruef, 2004). In strategic risk tolerance rational actors actively prefer low-probability, high payoff outcomes. In non-strategic risk tolerance rational actors need not have active risk preferences, but only appear to prefer low-probability, high payoff outcomes because their information on the distribution of outcomes is based on conditions of imperfect knowledge. The need to achieve refers to a desire to do well in order to achieve a sense of personal accomplishment (Poon et al., 2006). The need to achieve can be related to the characteristics desire for independence (Dvir et al., 2010; Poon et al., 2006) and risk-taking propensity (Zhao et al., 2010). People who have a high need for achievement possess five critical attributes (Smith-Hunter et al., 2003). High achievers like situations where they can take responsibility. They like rapid feedback on their performance, so they can criticize their own improvements. They avoid very easy or very difficult tasks and they dislike succeeding by chance. They prefer striving to achieve targets and the last characteristic is that they are interested in concrete knowledge about the results of their decisions. Finally innovation and problem solving capabilities are expected to be the core of the entrepreneurial capability of an entrepreneur (Smith-Hunter et al., 2003). Schumpeter (1934, from: Elliott, 1983) mentioned that creative destruction, whereby new products and processes replace old ones, is more important than price competition among existing firms and products. This means that entrepreneurs are more innovative than non-entrepreneurs (Beugelsdijk and Noorderhaven, 2005). For this end the most important characteristics of an entrepreneur that were cited in literature were discussed. Dvir et al. (2010) mentioned the most frequently cited personality traits of entrepreneurs. These are the desire to be independent (Beugelsdijk and Noorderhaven, 2005), internal locus of control (Poon et al., 2006), creativity or innovativeness (Schumpeter, 1934, from: Elliott, 1983), risk-taking propensity (Xu and Ruef, 2004; Zhao et al., 2010), need for achievement (Poon et al., 2006), and credible role models. In the next paragraph the above mentioned characteristic will be related to the FFM dimensions. An entrepreneurs personality traits and their relation with the FFM dimensions The characteristics mentioned in the foregoing paragraph can be related to the dimensions of the FFM. The five dimensions were Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability/Neuroticism, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Openness to experience. The extra dimension added by Zhao et al. (2010) was risk propensity. Because of the strong work ethic (Beugelsdijk and Noorderhaven, 2005) and the high need for achievement (Poon et al., 2006) entrepreneurs score high on the conscientiousness dimension. Conscientiousness has been found to be a consistent predictor of job performance across occupations involving managing others and sales performance (Ciavarella et al., 2004). Emotional stability is a prerequisite for entrepreneurs because of the insecurity they have to deal with (Brandstà ¤tter, 1997). People that score high on the level of emotional stability tend to obtain central positions in advice and friendship networks (Zhang et al., 2009). An internal locus of control (Poon et al., 2006) and mostly a high level of entrepreneurial self-efficacy (Hmieleski and Baron, 2009) are specific for an entrepreneurs emotional stability. Entrepreneurs also score high on the extraversion dimension (Zhao et al., 2010). The reason for this is that being extraverted should facilitate the development of social networks, ultimately resulting in stronger partnerships with suppliers and customers, which is very important for entrepreneurs (Ciavarella et al., 2004). The characteristics of extraversion are being ambitious, talkative, assertive, and sociable (Parks and Guay, 2009). According to Ciavarella et al. (2004) agreeableness is an interpersonal factor that focuses on the quality of relationships through cooperation and trust. Entrepreneurs who establish trusting, flexible, and courteous relationships with their customers should expect to reap the profits of repeat business. Zhao et al. (2010) expected that, given the limited margin for unselfish behavior and the high likelihood of guarded and even conflictual interpersonal relationships associated with entrepreneurship, there would be a negative relationship between agreeableness and entrepreneurial intentions. However their results have shown that this is not true and that entrepreneurs do score high on agreeableness and with that are highly cooperative and reliable. Openness to experience describes the extent to which individuals tend to be curious, creative, and open to new ideas, which relates to self-direction values, those are beliefs that individuals ought to be independent and self-directed (Parks and Guay, 2009). Successful entrepreneurship is likely to require constant information monitoring and learning to keep up with changing tastes and market trends, competitor behavior, and new Technologies (Zhao et al., 2010). This indicates that entrepreneurs are more innovative than non-entrepreneurs (Beugelsdijk and Noorderhaven, 2005) and that they score high on openness to experience. For the last dimension, risk propensity, the visions are not always the same. Zhao et al. (2010) argue that entrepreneurs are characterized by a high risk propensity, while Xu and Ruef (2004) argue that entrepreneurs are moderate risk-takers. The goal of this second section was to derive a set of personal characteristics for an entrepreneur from the literature and relate them to the FFM dimensions. After first discussing the FFM model and after that, reviewing the personal characteristics of an entrepreneur, I attached the personal characteristics to the dimensions of the FFM. With this the second section is finished. In the next section I will discuss the characteristics of the small business sector. Because of the focus on entrepreneurs that recently started their business, some challenges they face will also be reviewed.

The Pros and Cons of The Belmont Honor Code Essay -- Argumentative Per

The Pros and Cons of The Belmont Honor Code To thine own self be true, as Shakespeare writes, is the fundamental principle that defines honesty. Although a variety of factors influence one's decision to be honest, the primary reason to choose integrity is to be true to oneself. Part of being true to oneself is recognizing the need for individualism. Individualism is the state in which a person is able to take in the events of the surrounding world and discern for himself which practices he or she will participate in. The importance of individualism is engraved in Belmont University's purpose statement, yet it is unclear whether or not individualism is valued because of the university's new honor code system. Is forcing Belmont students to comply to an honor code enabling them to make decisions for their own individual selves? On the first page of Belmont's internet web site, one might assume that Belmont is a university that focuses solely on the individual. According to the statement on the web page introduction, "there is a strong distinction between capturing individual spirit and freezing it. It is the line that divides being squeezed into a mold and being cheered as you shape a life to fit yourself. There is no question on which side of the line you'll find Belmont University." Honor code or no honor code, establishing integrity is crucial to developing one's independent self. Often times, those who are dishonest depend on other humans to meet their spiritual and emotional needs. By choosing honesty as a personal choice instead of a mere compliance with Belmont's honor code, one is making the decision for oneself and therefore promoting one's individualism. In weighing the concep... ...ee a decline in academic dishonesty and a multitude of students will be so afraid of failing a class that they will choose to be honest. But, at the same time, how does each individual student benefit from that? Other than that fact that they may take the time to study and actually learn something, the Belmont community that promotes the spirit of the individual will have nothing but simulated honesty and very few students who truly are honest "individuals" by choice and not by force. Works Cited Baylor University Website. www.baylor.edu Belmont Undergraduate Bulletin. 1998-99. 13-56. Belmont University Website. www.belmont.edu. Moore, Susan. "Honor Code Holds Cheaters Accountable." Belmont Vision. 11 Sept. 98. 6. Vanderbilt University Website. www.vanderbilt.edu.

Big Bang theory and the problem of nothingness Essay

The question of why there is something rather than nothing concerns with the creation of things in the universe – we know that all things come from other things, objects are made by humans, tress grow from seeds, etc. If the human mind traces back the roots of all these things, the causes of all these things, it will always come to an idea of a Maker – and for years the idea of the Maker has been held by God. But then, even the idea of a God or a Maker is dubious – who made the Maker? Yet, how can there always have been a something in the first place? Or do we conceive a state of nothingness? That out of nothing comes something, probably the first maker or cause. The problem lies in how something can come out of nothing. A theory to sufficiently answer the question of nothingness must first prove that it indeed start out with nothing. The Big Bang Theory provides a model by which there seems to be nothing, and out of that nothingness came something – the formation of the cosmos and everything we know of. However, if the Big Bang Theory is true, it still does not answer the question of why there is something rather than nothing. The Big Bang Model is the widely accepted theory of the universe’s evolution, with its premise that the universe started out as dense and hot state that has been expanding for about 14 billion years. First of all, the Big Bang Theory starts out with something – a particle, a hot and dense space. At its most basic level it already does not fulfill the requirements of nothingness. There could be nothing in that hot dense space – nothing material that our senses could perceive or our minds can imagine, but the laws of science tell us that all energy is transferred, nothing is lost. Therefore, the energy of the hot dense space is what created other objects in space – the energy simply evolved or transferred. This proves that there is something rather than nothing even in the Big Bang Theory. This seems to be a tautological argument, but consider this – can nothingness expand? If the tenets of Big Bang Theory be considered, the question still arises – does nothingness have properties? Does nothingness have temperature? If the universe came from a hot, dense space, then it is not nothingness because nothingness does not have any properties – nothingness does not exist. Any existence of a supposed property of nothingness defeats its state of nothingness. Therefore, the Big Bang Theory is just a substitute for the idea of a Maker – if we do not believe in God the Creator and subscribe to science instead, Big Bang is a good choice, but it still poses the question: where did the hot, dense space come from? Or at least, where did the heat and density come from? It seems then that the question of nothingness is still not solved.

Should Drugs Be Decriminalized - 1666 Words

Should Drugs Be Decriminalized? Recreational drug use has been controversial for years. Government has deemed the use of certain drugs to be dangerous, addictive, costly, and fatal. Governmental agencies have passed laws to make drugs illegal and then have focused a great deal of attention and money trying to prohibit the use of these drugs, and many people support these sanctions because they view the illegality of drugs to be the main protection against the destruction of our society (Trebach, n.d.). Restricting behavior doesn’t generally stop people from engaging in that behavior; prohibition tends to result in people finding more creative ways to obtain and use drugs. However, just knowing that trying to control people’s behavior†¦show more content†¦Switzerland reports a â€Å"90% reduction in property crimes by those participating in the programme† (Wolf, 2011, para. 7), which has a significant impact on the workload of the local police force. The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) reports that treating this population of drug addicts is significant, because it is the group in which â€Å"negative consequences of long-term drug use are pronounced† (EMCDDA, 2012, para. 10). The EMCDDA (2012) asserts that treating this group of users can lead to major curtailment of crimes that occur to fund the users’ drug habits. Decriminalization will save taxpayers a large amount of money because of arresting, prosecuting, and incarcerating fewer people for drug use and possession (Lang, 2013). The number of prisoners has risen â€Å"from 300,000 in 1972 to 2.3 m[illion] today, the highest rate of incarceration in the world, overwhelmingly because of the war on drugs† (Wolf, 2011, para. 7). 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